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DIGITAL PIPE FITTER FORMULAS FULL
Modern electric vehicles have full information system that has constant modifications and does monitoring of inside and outside parameters in order to achieve maximum energy savings. Supercapacitors that provide high power density increase the acceleration of vehicle as well as collecting all the energy from instant braking, therefore improvements of the characteristics of power supply are made. Also, current research show that fuel cells have reached needed performances for commercial use in electric vehicles. Major efforts are invested in the development of high energy density batteries with minimum ESR. New generation improvements of electric engine system has an impact on price, however investment quickly pays off during operating. There is one other option available - hydraulic KERS, where braking energy is used to accumulate hydraulic pressure which is then sent to the wheels when required.ĭevelopment of new components, improved connections and electric engine control algorithms allow increase of efficiency of power convertors, therefore electric engine itself, to the maximum theoretical limits. Compared to the alternative of electrical-battery systems, the mechanical KERS system provides a significantly more compact, efficient, lighter and environmentally-friendly solution. The mechanical KERS system utilizes flywheel technology to recover and store a moving vehicle’s kinetic energy which is otherwise wasted when the vehicle is decelerated.
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Once the energy has been harnessed, it is stored in a battery and released when required. Electrical systems use a motor-generator incorporated in the car’s transmission which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy and vice versa. The recovered energy is stored in a reservoir (for example a flyeheel or a batterry or supercapacitor) for later use under acceleration. KERS is an automotive system for recovering a moving vehicle's kinetic energy under braking. Solar power may be also used to provide power for communications or controls or other auxiliary functions.Īnother concept that has been developing over the years is a kinetic energy recovery system, often known simply as KERS. The term "solar vehicle" usually implies that solar energy is used to power all or part of a vehicle's propilsion. Usually, photovoltaic (PV) cells contained in solar panels convert the sun's energy directly into electric energy. The solar roof is only the beginning, while the development of city cars is going toward solar vehicles prototype.Ī solar vehicle is an electric vehicle powered completely or significantly by direct solar energy. In this way the vehicle interior has a constant supply of fresh air and pleasant temperatures (up to 50% lower), although the motor vehicle is turned off so that fuel economy is evident. Photo cells in a glass roof generate electricity, even at lower intensity of solar radiation this current operates using a fan in a vehicle. In addition, many cars are designed to use only electricity as motive power, which reduces emissions to zero. Prototypes of hybrid vehicles with the announcement of mass production scheduled for the near future have become everyday occurrence. Today, the problem of energy becomes so important that an entire industry is turning towards clean, renewable energy (solar energy, wind energy, etc.). Parameter monitoring inside and outside of the vehicle and computerized system control with optimization of energy consumption Route selection on the criterion of minimum consumption in real time Using supercapacitors, fuel cells and new generation batteries Increasing of efficiency of power convertors Improved mechanical energy transmission system Some of the possibilities that should provide such a progress nowadays are: In this chapter, the most important possibilities for increasing energy efficiency of electric vehicles would be considered, regarding energy savings accumulated in the vehicle itself and increasing the range of performances of the cars with given initial resources.